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Outbreeding selects for spiteful cytoplasmic elements.

Jan Engelstädter¹, Sylvain Charlat

¹Department of Biology, UCL Wolfson House, 4 Stephenson Way, London NW1 2HE, UK. j.engelstaedter@ucl.ac.uk

Proceedings. Biological Sciences

|April 22, 2006

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Spiteful cytoplasmic elements that harm male reproduction can be favored in outbreeding populations. This can significantly increase their spread and impact population dynamics, potentially causing extinction or altered population sizes.

Area of Science:

Evolutionary Biology
Genetics
Population Dynamics

Background:

Eukaryotes possess cytoplasmic genomes (mitochondria, chloroplasts) alongside nuclear genomes.
Cytoplasmic genomes are typically maternally inherited, creating unique selective pressures.
Cytoplasmic genes affecting only male fitness are often considered neutral.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the selective advantage of 'spiteful' cytoplasmic elements in outbreeding populations.
To analyze the spread dynamics and population-level effects of such elements.

Main Methods:

Utilized a stochastic population model.
Analyzed the probability of spread and impact on population dynamics.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

Spiteful cytoplasmic elements spread significantly faster in outbreeding populations compared to panmictic ones.
The fixation of these elements can lead to diverse population dynamics, including extinction or altered stable sizes.

Conclusions:

Outbreeding can strongly select for spiteful cytoplasmic elements.
These elements can have profound and varied effects on population dynamics, relevant to male infertility and incompatibility.