Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2026

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
Published on: April 11, 2025
Use of a new cardiac pacing mode designed to eliminate unnecessary ventricular pacing
Gerd Fröhlig1, Daniel Gras, Jacques Victor
1Medizinische Universitatsklinik III, Universitätskliniken des Saarlandes Innere Medizin III, Homburg Germany. ingfro@uniklinikum-saarland.de
Aims:
To examine the performance of AAIsafeR2, a new pacing mode to minimize the cumulative proportion of ventricular pacing in patients who do not need regular ventricular support.
Methods And Results:
The safety of AAIsafeR2 was examined in 123 recipients (73 +/- 12 years old, 51% men) of dual chamber pacemakers implanted for sinus node dysfunction, paroxysmal AV block or the bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome. Data were collected from pacemaker diagnostics, and the first 43 patients underwent 24-h Holter recordings before being discharged from the hospital with AAIsafeR2 activated. No adverse event related to AAIsafeR2 was observed. All ventricular pauses detected on Holter tapes triggered immediate back-up ventricular pacing. Appropriate switches to DDD occurred in 97 of 123 patients. In 69 of 123 devices (56%) switches to DDD were non-sustained, and the average % ventricular pacing in this group was 0.2+/-0.5%.
Conclusion:
AAIsafeR2 mode seems to be safe and reliable in patients with infrequent slowing or pauses in ventricular activity, while maintaining ventricular pacing below 1%.
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