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Related Experiment Videos

Prostate cancer detection strategies.

Timothy C Brand1, Javier Hernandez, Edith D Canby-Hagino

  • 1Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Mail Code 7845, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA. brandt2@uthscsa.edu

Current Urology Reports
|April 25, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Prostate cancer screening using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) effectively detects localized disease. However, some men with low PSA levels have aggressive cancers, suggesting PSA may be better as a risk-based tool.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men.
  • Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is widely used for screening.
  • Concerns exist regarding the effectiveness of PSA in detecting all clinically significant prostate cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in prostate cancer screening.
  • To address the detection of higher-grade prostate cancers in men with low PSA levels.
  • To explore the potential of PSA as a risk-stratification tool rather than a binary diagnostic measure.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent reports and studies on prostate cancer screening.
  • Analysis of prostate cancer detection rates in relation to PSA levels.

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  • Investigation into the characteristics of prostate cancers found in men with low PSA.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant proportion of prostate cancers, including high-grade malignancies, are found in men with low PSA levels.
    • Current PSA screening may miss clinically relevant prostate cancers.
    • PSA may be more effective when interpreted within a risk-stratified continuum.

    Conclusions:

    • Rethinking the application of PSA testing for prostate cancer screening is warranted.
    • Development of novel biomarkers is crucial for identifying clinically threatening prostate cancers.
    • Future strategies may involve personalized prevention based on genetic and other risk factors.