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Cholecalciferol rodenticide intoxication in a cat.
E N Peterson1, R Kirby, M Sommer
1Department of Clinical Sciences, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|October 1, 1991
Summary
A cat ingested rodenticide containing cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), leading to severe hypercalcemia and organ damage. Despite intensive treatment, the cat succumbed to widespread pulmonary mineralization, highlighting the toxicity of vitamin D3 rodenticides.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Toxicology
- Small Animal Internal Medicine
- Toxicology
Background:
- Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) rodenticides are highly toxic, causing hypercalcemia.
- Accidental ingestion can lead to severe metabolic derangements and organ damage in pets.
Observation:
- A 4-month-old domestic shorthair cat presented with suspected cholecalciferol intoxication.
- The cat was hypercalcemic, hyperkalemic, and acidotic upon examination.
Findings:
- Despite aggressive management including fluid therapy, diuretics, inotropes, and calcitonin, the cat's condition deteriorated.
- Extensive pulmonary mineralization was identified as the likely cause of death.
Implications:
- This case underscores the critical danger of cholecalciferol-based rodenticides to non-target species.
- Prompt diagnosis and aggressive supportive care are essential but may not always prevent fatal outcomes in severe intoxication.
- Veterinarians should maintain a high index of suspicion for rodenticide toxicity in presenting animals with compatible clinical signs.