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Related Concept Videos

Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Thoracic Aorta01:15

Thoracic Aorta

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The thoracic section of the aorta begins at the T5 vertebra and extends to the T12 level at the diaphragm, initially progressing through the mediastinum to the left of the spinal column. Throughout its course in the thoracic segment, the thoracic aorta emits various offshoots known collectively as visceral and parietal branches. The branches that predominantly supply blood to visceral organs are termed visceral branches and include bronchial, pericardial, esophageal, and mediastinal arteries,...
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The Thoracic Cage: Sternum01:17

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

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The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
The sternum is the elongated bony structure on the anterior side of the thoracic cage. It consists of three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid...
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The Thoracic Cage: Ribs01:20

The Thoracic Cage: Ribs

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Ribs are curved, flattened bones forming the thoracic cavity wall with the thoracic muscles. There are 12 pairs of thoracic ribs. The posterior ends of all the ribs articulate with the T1–T12 thoracic vertebrae. In contrast,the anterior ends of most ribs attach to the sternum via their costal cartilages.
Parts of a Typical Rib
A typical rib has a head, neck, and body. The posterior end of the rib is called the head, followed by a narrow neck. The head articulates primarily with the costal...
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Pressure Relationships in Thoracic Cavity01:24

Pressure Relationships in Thoracic Cavity

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Breathing, otherwise known as pulmonary ventilation, is the process of air movement into and out of the lungs. The main mechanisms propelling pulmonary ventilation are atmospheric pressure (Patm), intra-pulmonary (Ppul ) or intra-alveolar pressure (Palv) within the alveoli, and intrapleural pressure (Pip) within the pleural cavity.
Breathing Mechanisms
Both intra-alveolar and intrapleural pressures rely on specific lung properties. The ability to breathe—allowing air to enter the lungs...
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What is Cancer?02:12

What is Cancer?

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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
Although people have known about cancer for centuries, it was only in 1761 that Giovanni Morgagni of Padua performed a detailed autopsy of...
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Electromagnetic Navigation Transthoracic Nodule Localization for Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery
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Pemetrexed in thoracic cancer.

Hannelore Goeminne1, Jan P van Meerbeeck

  • 1Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
|April 26, 2006
PubMed
Summary

This review examines the antifolate drug pemetrexed for treating lung cancer and mesothelioma. Evidence suggests its efficacy in managing these thoracic malignancies, with ongoing research into its use.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Thoracic Malignancies
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Lung cancer and mesothelioma are increasing globally, often linked to carcinogen inhalation.
  • Both cancers share similarities in patient demographics, disease stage, prognosis, and treatment approaches.
  • Rising global incidence necessitates effective therapeutic strategies for these thoracic malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence for the antifolate agent pemetrexed in treating lung cancer and mesothelioma.
  • To discuss the current status, controversies, and future directions of pemetrexed therapy for these cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on pemetrexed for lung cancer and mesothelioma.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data and published research.

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  • Synthesis of information on efficacy, safety, and treatment protocols.

    • Main Results:

    • Pemetrexed demonstrates efficacy in treating both lung cancer and mesothelioma.
    • Evidence supports its role as a therapeutic option for these thoracic malignancies.
    • Ongoing research continues to refine its application and explore new developments.

    Conclusions:

    • Pemetrexed is a significant therapeutic agent for lung cancer and mesothelioma.
    • Further research is warranted to address current controversies and optimize treatment strategies.
    • The review highlights the evolving landscape of pemetrexed in thoracic oncology.