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Related Experiment Videos

Do induction cooktops interfere with cardiac pacemakers?

Werner Irnich1, Alan D Bernstein

  • 1University Hospital, Friedrichstr. 18, 35392 Giessen, Germany. werner@irni.ch

Europace : European Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Electrophysiology : Journal of the Working Groups on Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology
|April 26, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Induction cooktops can pose a risk to unipolar pacemaker patients due to induced voltages, especially with eccentric pot placement. Maintaining a safe distance and ensuring proper pacemaker function can mitigate interference risks.

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To the editor.

Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE·2013

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Electromagnetic Compatibility

Background:

  • Induction cooktops generate magnetic fields that heat cookware.
  • Potential for electromagnetic interference with cardiac pacemakers exists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the risk of induction cooktop interference with pacemaker sensing.
  • To quantify induced voltages in a worst-case pacemaker-patient model.

Main Methods:

  • Tested 11 European induction cooktops using a unipolar pacemaker-patient model.
  • Measured induced voltages and simulated leakage currents.
  • Investigated sensitivity of 244 pacemaker devices to modulated voltages.

Main Results:

  • Induced voltages varied, reaching up to 800 mV with eccentric pot placement.

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  • Voltages exceeding 100 mV were observed, with some pacemakers reacting at 90.5 mV.
  • Leakage currents caused ~2% of pot-to-ground voltage across the pacemaker sensing input.

    • Conclusions:

    • Risk is highest for unipolar, left-sided implants with close proximity and non-concentric pot placement.
    • Interference can occur via leakage currents during prolonged contact.
    • Non-pacemaker-dependent patients with unipolar pacemakers are most at risk.