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Updated: Jul 12, 2026
Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography
Published on: October 28, 2020
Assessment of atrial septal defect area changes during cardiac cycle by live three-dimensional echocardiography
Ming-Xing Xie1, Ling-Yun Fang, Xin-Fang Wang
1Department of Echocardiography, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. xiemx64@126.com
Objectives:
To investigate the accuracy of measurement of the atrial septal defect (ASD)area and dynamic change by live three-dimensional echocardiography (L3DE).
Methods:
L3DE was performed in patients with ASD using a three-dimensional workstation to obtain the en face view of the ASD and measure its area at the peak of P-wave, the peak of R-wave, the initial and the destination point of T-wave, and the period of P-T. Parameters derived from L3DE were compared with intraoperative measurements.
Results:
The ASD area changed significantly during cardiac cycles (mean change 46.1%, p < 0.0001; range 15.2-72.5%), with the maximal area at endsystole and the minimal area at enddiastole. There was excellent correlation between L3DE and intraoperative measurements for the area of ASD at the peak of P-wave (r = 0.92). There were good correlations between the two methods during the other phases of cardiac cycle (r = 0.81-0.86).
Conclusions:
L3DE provides accurate and feasible measurements of the ASD area. Investigation of the dynamic changes during the cardiac cycle may lead to an improved understanding of the hemodynamics of ASD.
