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Families and intellectual disability.

Jan Blacher1, Cameron L Neece, Emilie Paczkowski

  • 1Graduate School of Education, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA. jan.blacher@ucr.edu

Current Opinion in Psychiatry
|April 28, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Family well-being with intellectual disability is complex. Parental stress is linked to child behaviors, but parenting also influences child outcomes, highlighting the need for holistic support.

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Area of Science:

  • Family Studies
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Disability Research

Background:

  • Research on families with intellectual disability (ID) has traditionally focused on adjustment and coping.
  • There's a growing need to incorporate broader contextual factors like environment, culture, and service delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on family functioning concerning offspring with intellectual disability.
  • To expand the research perspective beyond adjustment/coping to include contextual factors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on family functioning and intellectual disability.
  • Analysis of research focusing on parental well-being, child behaviors, parenting dynamics, and lifespan considerations.

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Main Results:

  • Parental well-being remains a key focus, with stress and depression evident in parents of children with ID.
  • Child behavior problems and specific syndromes are increasingly linked to poorer parental well-being.
  • Parenting behaviors and context significantly influence child behaviors; interventions target both.
  • Parental involvement across the lifespan of adult offspring with ID is crucial for quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • Family member well-being, especially for siblings and within cultural contexts, requires continued attention.
  • Methodological diversity and rigor in family research are increasing.
  • Development of theoretical models is needed to frame future research on the multifaceted impacts of intellectual disability on families.