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Updated: Aug 9, 2026

Establishment of the Dual Humanized TK-NOG Mouse Model for HIV-associated Liver Pathogenesis
Published on: September 11, 2019
Immunosuppression, hepatitis C infection, and acute renal failure in HIV-infected patients
Nora Franceschini1, Sonia Napravnik, William F Finn
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA. noraf@unc.edu
Background:
Low CD4 cell counts predict HIV-related morbidity and mortality and may be associated with acute renal failure (ARF).
Objective:
To estimate the effect of CD4 cell count on the incidence rate (IR) of ARF in ambulatory HIV-infected patients with access to highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Methods:
Observational clinical cohort of HIV-infected patients recruited from a university-based infectious diseases clinic, between 2000 and 2002, and followed up until December 31, 2002. Poisson log-linear regression models were used to calculate ARF IRs, IR differences, and IR ratios.
Results:
The mean age of the 705 study participants was 40 years, two thirds were male, and 61% were African American. Incidence rates of ARF were higher at lower CD4 cell counts and among patients who were coinfected with hepatitis C. Patients with hepatitis C coinfection who also had low CD4 cell counts had the highest adjusted IR of ARF.
Conclusion:
Immunosuppression and hepatitis C virus coinfection are associated with increased IRs of ARF in ambulatory HIV-1-infected patients.
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