[Bilateral retinal vasculitis with arterial aneurysms].

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Retinal Vascular Diseases
• Inflammatory Eye Conditions

Background:

• Retinal vasculitis is an uncommon condition affecting blood vessels in the retina.
• Bilateral involvement, particularly of the central retinal artery, is rare and can lead to severe vision loss.

Observation:

• The case presented with diffuse vitreous cells, branch retinal artery occlusion, arterial sheathing, aneurysms, disc swelling, and peripheral non-perfusion.
• One eye became blind within 3 years, while the second eye showed a similar progressive course.

Findings:

• Systemic work-up did not reveal an identifiable cause, leading to a diagnosis of idiopathic retinal vasculitis.
• Treatment involved systemic steroids, immunosuppressive therapy, laser photocoagulation, and vitreoretinal surgery.

Implications:

• Prompt and aggressive multimodal treatment may help stabilize idiopathic retinal vasculitis and prevent complete vision loss.
• This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in managing rare and severe retinal vascular inflammatory conditions.