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Related Experiment Videos

Cognitive impairment and decline in different MS subtypes.

Stephan C J Huijbregts1, Nynke F Kalkers, Leo M J de Sonneville

  • 1School of Psychology, Highfield, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, Southampton, UK. S.Huijbregts@soton.ac.uk

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|April 29, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive deficits are present in all multiple sclerosis (MS) subtypes. Progressive MS subtypes show greater cognitive impairment than relapsing-remitting MS, particularly in tasks requiring sustained attention and processing speed.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment is a common symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Different MS subtypes may exhibit varying cognitive profiles.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for patient management and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare cognitive function across different subtypes of MS.
  • To assess cognitive changes over a 2-year period in progressive MS subtypes.
  • To identify specific cognitive domains most affected in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 108 relapsing-remitting (RRMS), 71 secondary progressive (SPMS), and 55 primary progressive (PPMS) MS patients, plus 67 controls.
  • Two-year follow-up study of 30 SPMS, 25 PPMS patients, and 33 controls.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cognitive assessments using the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests (BRB-N), including the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT) and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT).

    • Main Results:

    • All MS patient groups showed cognitive deficits compared to healthy controls.
    • RRMS patients performed better than progressive MS subtypes on PASAT and SDMT, but this difference diminished after controlling for physical disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale).
    • RRMS and SPMS patients were more impaired than PPMS patients on spatial recall and word list generation tasks.

    Conclusions:

    • Cognitive deficits are prevalent across all MS subtypes.
    • Progressive MS subtypes exhibit more severe cognitive impairment than RRMS, especially in tasks demanding concurrent cognitive abilities.
    • Performance on tasks like PASAT and SDMT, requiring working memory, processing speed, and visuo-spatial abilities, may decline over time in progressive MS.