Chinese hamster cell mutant, V-C8, a model for analysis of Brca2 function

The previously described Chinese hamster cell mutant V-C8 that is defective in Brca2 shows a very complex phenotype, including increased sensitivity towards a wide variety of DNA damaging agents, chromosomal instability, abnormal centrosomes and impaired formation of Rad51 foci in response to DNA damage. Here, we demonstrate that V-C8 cells display biallelic nonsense mutations in Brca2, one in exon 15 and the other in exon 16, both resulting in truncated Brca2 proteins. We generated several independent mitomycin C (MMC)-resistant clones from V-C8 cells that had acquired an additional mutation leading to the restoration of the open reading frame of one of the Brca2 alleles. In two of these revertants, V-C8-Rev 1 and V-C8-Rev 6, the reversions lead to the wild-type Brca2 sequence. The V-C8 revertants did not gain the entire wild-type phenotype and still show a 2.5-fold increased sensitivity to mitomycin C (MMC), higher levels of spontaneous and MMC-induced chromosomal aberrations, as well as abnormal centrosomes when compared to wild-type cells. Our results suggest that Brca2 heterozygosity in hamster cells primarily gives rise to sensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents, especially chromosomal instability, a feature that might also be displayed in BRCA2 heterozygous mutation carriers.