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Knee extensor and flexor torque development with concentric and eccentric isokinetic training.

Larry E Miller1, Lee M Pierson, Sharon M Nickols-Richardson

  • 1Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA. millerle@vt.edu

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport
|May 2, 2006
PubMed
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Eccentric (ECC) isokinetic training significantly enhanced muscular torque and rate of torque development in young women compared to concentric (CON) training over 20 weeks.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Muscle strength and power are crucial for athletic performance and daily function.
  • Understanding the effects of different training modalities, concentric (CON) versus eccentric (ECC), is vital for optimizing training programs.
  • Isokinetic dynamometry is a standard method for assessing muscular function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of 20 weeks of CON versus ECC isokinetic training on muscular torque and rate of torque development.
  • To investigate differences in peak torque, acceleration time, and time to peak torque between training groups.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-eight women were randomly assigned to either CON or ECC training groups.
  • Training involved knee extension and flexion of the non-dominant leg, three times per week for 20 weeks.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Muscular torque and rate of torque development were assessed using isokinetic dynamometry.

    • Main Results:

    • ECC training resulted in greater increases in ECC knee extension and flexion peak torque compared to CON training.
    • The ECC group demonstrated significant improvements in acceleration time and time to peak torque during ECC movements.
    • Slow-velocity ECC training led to superior ECC torque development and comparable CON torque development gains versus CON training.

    Conclusions:

    • Slow-velocity ECC isokinetic training is more effective than CON training for enhancing ECC muscular torque and rate of torque development in young women.
    • ECC training may offer specific advantages for improving muscle power and movement economy.
    • These findings have implications for designing targeted training interventions in sports and rehabilitation.