Strontium-containing hydroxyapatite bioactive bone cement in revision hip arthroplasty

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Orthopedic Surgery
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Revision total hip replacement (THR) outcomes are often unsatisfactory due to bone loss.
• Conventional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement has limitations in revision THR.
• Bioactive bone cements offer potential solutions for improved implant fixation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of strontium-containing hydroxyapatite (Sr-HA) bone cement in a goat revision hip hemi-arthroplasty model.
• To compare the bone-bonding strength and bioactivity of Sr-HA cement with PMMA bone cement.
• To assess the potential of Sr-HA cement to overcome challenges in revision hip replacement.

Main Methods:

• A goat revision hip hemi-arthroplasty model was utilized.
• Sr-HA bone cement was implanted and compared against PMMA bone cement.
• Bone-bonding strength, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and histological examination were performed.

Main Results:

• Sr-HA bone cement demonstrated significantly higher bone-bonding strength (3.36 MPa) than PMMA cement (1.23 MPa) after nine months.
• SEM and EDX analysis revealed intimate bone contact and new bone formation on Sr-HA cement surfaces.
• Histological observations confirmed new bone bonding and growth along Sr-HA cement, contrasting with fibrous tissue observed with PMMA cement.

Conclusions:

• Sr-HA bioactive bone cement exhibits excellent bioactivity and superior bone-bonding strength in a goat revision hip replacement model.
• Sr-HA cement shows promise as an alternative to PMMA cement for improving outcomes in revision hip replacement surgery.
• This bioactive bone cement may offer a viable solution to the limitations associated with PMMA cement in revision THR.