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Increased arterial load alters aortic structural and functional properties during embryogenesis.

Jennifer L Lucitti1, Richard Visconti, Jacqueline Novak

  • 1Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77071, USA. lucitti@bcm.edu

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|May 2, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Increased arterial load stiffens the embryonic dorsal aorta by altering its material properties, including increased collagen content. This adaptation impacts cardiovascular development and function.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Cardiovascular physiology
  • Biomaterials science

Background:

  • The embryonic dorsal aorta is crucial for cardiovascular function.
  • Increased arterial stiffness can affect cardiac and microcirculatory development.
  • Previous studies linked increased arterial load to systemic arterial stiffness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if local dorsal aortic stiffness increases in response to elevated arterial load.
  • To assess the active and passive mechanical properties of the embryonic dorsal aorta after increased load.

Main Methods:

  • Measuring aortic pulse-wave velocity (PWV) in response to vitelline artery ligation (VAL).
  • Analyzing active and passive properties (stress, strain) of isolated aortic segments.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing immunohistochemistry to examine smooth muscle alpha-actin and collagen content.

    • Main Results:

    • VAL increased both acute and chronic dorsal aortic PWV.
    • Load-exposed aortas showed higher stress but not strain at similar pressures.
    • Increased collagen type I and III content was observed in VAL vessels.
    • VAL embryos exhibited rounder myocytes and more smooth muscle alpha-actin expressing cell layers.

    Conclusions:

    • The embryonic dorsal aorta is sensitive to increased arterial load.
    • Adaptations include altered material properties, increased collagen, and changes in smooth muscle cell morphology.
    • These changes contribute to increased aortic stiffness and may influence cardiovascular development.