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Related Experiment Videos

Dph3, a small protein required for diphthamide biosynthesis, is essential in mouse development.

Shihui Liu1, Jason F Wiggins, Taduru Sreenath

  • 1Bacterial Toxins and Therapeutics Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.

Molecular and Cellular Biology
|May 2, 2006
PubMed
Summary

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Mice lacking the Dph3 protein, essential for diphthamide synthesis on elongation factor 2 (eEF-2), exhibit embryonic lethality. This highlights diphthamide

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Diphthamide is a unique post-translational modification on eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (eEF-2).
  • This modification is the sole target for diphtheria toxin and Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A.
  • Diphthamide biosynthesis involves conserved proteins Dph1-Dph5, with Dph3 being the smallest component.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological roles of Dph3 in diphthamide biosynthesis and eukaryotic cellular function.
  • To explore the essentiality of diphthamide modification for embryonic development.

Main Methods:

  • Generation and analysis of dph3 knockout mice (dph3+/- and dph3-/-).
  • Phenotypic characterization of dph3-deficient embryos and placentas.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of eEF-2 diphthamide modification in dph3-/- mice.

    • Main Results:

    • dph3-/- mice, lacking diphthamide modification on eEF-2, are embryonic lethal by day 11.5.
    • Loss of Dph3 causes developmental delays, failed allantois fusion, neural tube defects, and placental abnormalities.
    • dph3+/- mice are phenotypically normal, indicating haplosufficiency for basic function.

    Conclusions:

    • Dph3 is essential for embryonic development, likely through its role in diphthamide biosynthesis.
    • The diphthamide modification on eEF-2 is critical for normal embryonic development and placental function.
    • These findings underscore the fundamental physiological importance of diphthamide in eukaryotes.