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Related Experiment Videos

Methadone dose and urine morphine.

J F Maddux1, M Esquivel, K N Vogtsberger

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas, Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7792.

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Methadone maintenance treatment dose does not correlate with urine morphine levels. Longer treatment duration, however, is linked to reduced illicit opioid use, suggesting other factors influence heroin use in patients.

Area of Science:

  • Addiction Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is a cornerstone of opioid use disorder management.
  • Recommended methadone dosages have evolved over time, with varying clinical practices.
  • Understanding factors influencing treatment effectiveness, such as heroin use, is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between methadone dosage and urine morphine levels in patients.
  • To explore other patient and program variables that may affect illicit opioid use during MMT.

Main Methods:

  • Historical and cross-sectional study design within a single methadone maintenance program.
  • Analysis of urine drug screens for morphine in relation to methadone dose, duration of treatment, gender, ethnicity, and age.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of temporal trends in urine morphine positivity and potential associations with program or community changes.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant relationship was found between methadone dose (categorized as <50 mg or ≥50 mg) and urine morphine positivity.
    • Patient demographics (gender, ethnicity, age) were not associated with urine morphine levels.
    • Longer duration of methadone maintenance (≥3 years) was inversely related to urine morphine positivity, indicating reduced heroin use.

    Conclusions:

    • Methadone dose appears to be a less critical factor in suppressing heroin use than previously thought.
    • Treatment duration is a significant factor associated with decreased illicit opioid use in MMT.
    • Programmatic and community-level factors may influence heroin use patterns among patients undergoing methadone maintenance.