Universal session-level change processes in an early session of psychotherapy: path models

Area of Science:

• Psychology
• Psychotherapy Research

Background:

• The generic model of psychotherapy (GMP) proposes universal change processes.
• Understanding these processes is key to advancing psychotherapy effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the universality of change processes within the generic model of psychotherapy (GMP).
• To examine the applicability of GMP constructs across different therapeutic modalities.

Main Methods:

• Employed structural equation modeling to analyze path models.
• Conducted two studies: Study 1 in dynamic therapy, Study 2 replicating findings in cognitive and interpersonal therapy.

Main Results:

• Supported the universality of GMP constructs across dynamic, cognitive, and interpersonal therapies.
• Identified positive influences of therapeutic bond, openness, and realizations on therapy outcomes.
• Observed a complex, sometimes negative, impact of specific aspects of the therapeutic bond.

Conclusions:

• The generic model of psychotherapy (GMP) constructs are broadly applicable across various therapy types.
• The therapeutic relationship plays a multifaceted role, with both positive and negative influences on outcomes.
• Further research is needed to explore the diverse functions of the therapeutic relationship in different psychotherapies.