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Related Experiment Videos

Divalent cation stimulation of substrate oxidation by corn mitochondria.

R J Miller1, S W Dumford, D E Koeppe

  • 1Departments of Agronomy and Botany, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801.

Plant Physiology
|June 1, 1970
PubMed
Summary

Divalent cations like calcium and strontium enhance corn mitochondrial oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, malate-pyruvate, and succinate. Cation hydration sphere water substitution may limit mitochondrial electron transport and phosphorylation.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Mitochondrial function

Background:

  • Mitochondria are crucial for cellular energy production.
  • Electron transport and phosphorylation are key mitochondrial processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of various divalent cations on corn mitochondrial oxidation.
  • To determine the role of divalent cations in electron transport and phosphorylation.

Main Methods:

  • Corn mitochondria were isolated and incubated in buffered KCl.
  • Oxidation rates of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, malate-pyruvate, and succinate were measured.
  • The influence of different divalent cations (Ni2+, Mg2+, Co2+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Sr2+, Ba2+) was assessed.

Main Results:

  • Divalent cations stimulated reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidation, with Ca2+ and Sr2+ showing the most significant effect.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Malate-pyruvate and succinate oxidation were enhanced by Ca2+, Ba2+, and Sr2+ in the presence of inorganic phosphate.
  • Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ induced a transition from state 4 to state 3 for all substrates, with a return to state 4 observed for malate-pyruvate and succinate.

    • Conclusions:

    • Divalent cations play a significant role in regulating mitochondrial oxidation.
    • The effectiveness of cations suggests that water substitution from the cation hydration sphere could be a rate-limiting factor in mitochondrial reactions.