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Cytokinins extracted from pinto bean fruit.
M Krasnuk1, F H Witham, J R Tegley
1Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802.
Plant Physiology
|September 1, 1971
Summary
Phaseolus vulgaris plant fruit contains active cytokinins, including dihydrozeatin and zeatin. These plant hormones were identified using chromatography and spectral analysis, revealing their natural occurrence and forms.
Area of Science:
- Plant Physiology
- Biochemistry
- Organic Chemistry
Background:
- Cytokinins are essential plant hormones regulating growth and development.
- Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean) is a globally important legume crop.
- Understanding cytokinin occurrence in plants aids in agricultural applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize cytokinins in Phaseolus vulgaris var. Pinto.
- To determine the distribution of cytokinin activity within the plant.
- To elucidate the natural forms of identified cytokinins.
Main Methods:
- Extraction of plant tissues from Phaseolus vulgaris.
- Chromatographic separation of active compounds.
- Bioassays to detect cytokinin activity.
- Ultraviolet and mass spectral analysis for compound identification.
- Cation exchange resin chromatography.
Main Results:
- Cytokinin activity was highest in fruit tissue extracts.
- Chromatographic and spectral analyses confirmed the presence of N-6-substituted aminopurines.
- Dihydrozeatin was identified as a free base and possibly a ribonucleoside.
- Zeatin was predominantly found as a glycosidic compound, sensitive to KMnO(4) and acid hydrolysis.
Conclusions:
- Dihydrozeatin occurs naturally in Phaseolus vulgaris.
- Zeatin exists mainly in a glycosidic form in this plant.
- These findings contribute to the understanding of plant hormone biochemistry.