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Structure and function of developing barley plastids.

D Robertson1, W M Laetsch

  • 1Department of Botany, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.

Plant Physiology
|August 1, 1974
PubMed
Summary
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Leaf development in barley seedlings involves plastid differentiation and chloroplast conversion. Photosynthetic activity initiation depends on tissue age and light exposure, not solely plastid development stage.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Photosynthesis Research

Background:

  • Etiolated barley seedlings provide a model for studying leaf and plastid development.
  • Understanding plastid differentiation is key to comprehending early photosynthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate leaf and plastid growth, differentiation, and chloroplast conversion in etiolated barley.
  • To correlate ultrastructural plastid changes with chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthetic activity.

Main Methods:

  • Studied five regions of etiolated barley first foliage leaves.
  • Analyzed leaf growth, plastid growth/replication, and etioplast-to-chloroplast conversion.
  • Measured chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthetic activity via (14)CO(2) incorporation and O(2) evolution.

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Main Results:

  • Leaf growth varied by region, with younger regions showing cell division and elongation.
  • Plastids enlarged and replicated in younger leaf regions upon illumination.
  • Photosynthetic activity appeared earliest in the oldest tissue (region 1) with minimal chloroplast development.

Conclusions:

  • Plastid development stage is not strictly correlated with the initiation of photosynthetic activity.
  • Tissue age significantly influences structural and functional correlations during chloroplast development.
  • Light exposure is crucial for plastid enlargement, replication, and photosynthetic competence.