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Alterations in Chloroplast Thylakoids during Cold Acclimation.

M P Garber1, P L Steponkus

  • 1Department of Floriculture and Ornamental Horticulture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.

Plant Physiology
|May 1, 1976
PubMed
Summary

Acclimated thylakoid membranes show altered particle concentrations and sizes, with sucrose offering greater freeze-thaw protection. These changes suggest increased hardiness involves membrane alterations beyond just the cellular environment.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Membrane biophysics
  • Photosynthesis research

Background:

  • Thylakoid membranes are crucial for photosynthesis.
  • Acclimation to environmental stress can alter membrane properties.
  • Understanding these alterations is key to plant hardiness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate structural and functional changes in acclimated thylakoid membranes.
  • To explore the role of fatty acid unsaturation and sucrose in thylakoid stability.
  • To correlate membrane alterations with increased plant hardiness.

Main Methods:

  • Freeze-fracture electron microscopy to visualize membrane structure.
  • Sonic oscillation to assess particle concentration reversibility.
  • Sucrose protection assays for freeze-thaw tolerance.

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Main Results:

  • Acclimated thylakoids exhibit decreased particle concentration and a single particle size (140 Å) compared to nonacclimated ones (100 Å, 165 Å).
  • Sonic oscillation partially reverses particle concentration changes; fatty acid unsaturation explains only part of this.
  • Acclimated thylakoids require less sucrose (25 mM) for proton uptake protection and show greater freeze-thaw tolerance than nonacclimated ones (50 mM).

Conclusions:

  • Acclimation induces significant alterations in thylakoid membrane structure, including particle size and concentration.
  • Sucrose plays a critical role in manifesting these acclimation-induced changes and enhancing membrane stability.
  • Increased plant hardiness is linked to both cellular environment modifications and specific changes within thylakoid membranes.