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Related Experiment Videos

Glucose transport into spinach chloroplasts.

G Schäfer1, U Heber

  • 1Botanisches Institut der Universität Düsseldorf, Germany.

Plant Physiology
|August 1, 1977
PubMed
Summary

Spinach chloroplasts rapidly transport specific sugars like d-glucose via carrier-mediated diffusion across their inner envelope membrane. This process exhibits saturation kinetics and is inhibited by high sugar concentrations, similar to erythrocyte sugar transport.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chloroplasts are vital organelles in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) responsible for photosynthesis.
  • Understanding solute transport across the chloroplast inner envelope membrane is crucial for plant metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the uptake mechanisms of hexoses and pentoses into spinach chloroplasts.
  • To characterize the kinetics and identify factors influencing sugar transport.

Main Methods:

  • Silicone layer filtering centrifugation was employed to study the uptake of radioactively labeled sugars.
  • Kinetic analysis, including saturation characteristics and inhibition studies, was performed.
  • Temperature dependency was assessed to determine activation energy.

Main Results:

  • D-glucose, d-mannose, d-xylose, and l-arabinose showed the most rapid uptake into the chloroplasts.
  • Transport of d-glucose and d-fructose exhibited saturation kinetics with a K(m) of approximately 20 mM for d-glucose.
  • Transport was inhibited by phloretin and high external d-glucose concentrations, with an activation energy of 17 kcal/mol for d-glucose transport.

Conclusions:

  • D-glucose and other hexoses are transported into spinach chloroplasts via carrier-mediated diffusion across the inner envelope membrane.
  • The transport system shares similarities with d-glucose transport observed in erythrocytes.
  • The findings provide insights into the regulation of carbon assimilation within chloroplasts.

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