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Sorbitol metabolism and sink-source interconversions in developing apple leaves.

W H Loescher1, G C Marlow, R A Kennedy

  • 1Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164.

Plant Physiology
|August 1, 1982
PubMed
Summary

Apple leaves regulate sorbitol metabolism by adjusting aldose 6-phosphate reductase (A6PR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities. These enzyme changes correlate with photosynthesis and carbohydrate levels during leaf development and senescence.

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Changes in photosynthetic characteristics during leaf development in apple.

Photosynthesis research·2014

Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Sorbitol is a key photosynthetic product and carbon translocator in apples (Malus domestica).
  • Distinct enzymes, NADPH-dependent aldose 6-phosphate reductase (A6PR) in green tissues and NAD-dependent sorbitol dehydrogenase in non-green tissues, are involved in sorbitol metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic changes in sorbitol metabolism enzymes during apple leaf development.
  • To understand the relationship between sorbitol metabolism, photosynthesis, and carbohydrate partitioning in apple leaves.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme activity assays for A6PR and sorbitol dehydrogenase.
  • Measurement of leaf carbohydrate levels, particularly sorbitol.
  • Assessment of net photosynthetic rates in developing and senescing leaves.

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Main Results:

  • During spring leaf development (sink to source transition), sorbitol dehydrogenase activity decreased while A6PR activity increased, correlating with rising sorbitol and photosynthetic rates.
  • In autumn, senescing leaves showed increased sorbitol dehydrogenase activity, decreased A6PR activity, lower carbohydrate levels, and reduced photosynthesis.
  • Differential sorbitol metabolism capabilities were observed in young versus mature apple leaves.

Conclusions:

  • Sorbitol metabolism in apple leaves is tightly regulated by developmental stage and environmental cues.
  • Enzyme activity shifts in sorbitol metabolism are linked to source-sink transitions and photosynthetic activity.
  • These findings suggest a role for sorbitol metabolism in regulating carbon partitioning in apple trees.