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Sequential leaf senescence and correlatively controlled increases in xylem flow resistance.

P M Neumann1

  • 1Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agricultrial Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel 32000.

Plant Physiology
|April 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Plant leaf yellowing, a form of senescence, is linked to increased xylem hydraulic resistance in the pulvinal junction. Preventing shoot growth stops this process, suggesting a programmed mechanism for nutrient reallocation.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Leaf senescence is a complex developmental process involving nutrient remobilization.
  • The hydraulic pathway in plants is crucial for water transport and maintaining leaf turgor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of xylem hydraulic resistance in the onset of primary leaf senescence in Phaseolus vulgaris.
  • To explore the potential mechanisms regulating hydraulic flow and nutrient partitioning during senescence.

Main Methods:

  • Direct measurement of xylem hydraulic resistance in intact plants and excised leaves.
  • Detopping experiments to assess the role of shoot development.
  • Dextran infiltration to simulate polysaccharide effects on xylem flow and stomatal conductance.

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Main Results:

  • Xylem hydraulic resistance in the primary leaf pulvinal junction increased significantly (+390%) preceding leaf yellowing.
  • Detopping shoots prevented the rise in xylem resistance, stomatal resistance, and leaf yellowing.
  • Dextran infiltration reduced xylem flow and increased stomatal resistance in excised leaves.

Conclusions:

  • The onset of leaf senescence symptoms is correlatively controlled by developmental changes in xylem hydraulic resistance.
  • Programmed secretion of polysaccharides into xylem may regulate nutrient partitioning and induce sequential leaf senescence.