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Low Temperature Development Induces a Specific Decrease in trans-Delta-Hexadecenoic Acid Content which Influences

N P Huner1, M Krol, J P Williams

  • 1Department of Plant Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7.

Plant Physiology
|May 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Cold hardening winter rye at 5°C significantly reduced trans-Delta(3)-hexadecenoic acid in phosphatidyldiacylglycerol. This cold-induced change in thylakoid lipid composition alters light harvesting complex II organization in rye leaves.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Thylakoid membranes are crucial for photosynthesis in plants.
  • Lipid composition, particularly fatty acids in thylakoid lipids, influences membrane function and organization.
  • Cold acclimation is a complex process involving significant changes in plant cell membranes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of cold hardening on lipid and fatty acid composition in winter rye (Secale cereale L. cv Puma) thylakoid membranes.
  • To determine how changes in lipid composition affect the organization of light harvesting complex II (LHCII) and membrane fluidity.
  • To elucidate the specific role of trans-Delta(3)-hexadecenoic acid in phosphatidlydiacylglycerol (PG) during cold acclimation.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Lipid and fatty acid analyses of whole leaf extracts and isolated thylakoids from rye grown at 5°C (cold-hardened, RH) and 20°C (non-hardened, RNH).
  • Electron spin resonance and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to assess thylakoid membrane fluidity.
  • Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) to analyze chlorophyll-protein complex ratios, specifically LHCII and CP1.
  • Comparative analysis of thylakoid properties across a temperature gradient (20°C, 15°C, 10°C, 5°C).

    • Main Results:

    • Cold hardening (5°C) significantly decreased trans-Delta(3)-hexadecenoic acid (trans-16:1) in phosphatidlydiacylglycerol (PG) by 67-74%.
    • No significant difference in thylakoid membrane fluidity was observed between RH and RNH rye using ESR and DSC.
    • The ratio of oligomeric to monomeric LHCII (LHCII(1):LHCII(3)) was 2-fold higher in RNH than RH, indicating altered LHCII organization.
    • Trans-16:1 levels in PG and LHCII(1):LHCII(3) ratio decreased with decreasing growth temperature.
    • DSC revealed distinct temperature transitions in thylakoids, with some shifts observed in RH rye, suggesting altered membrane organization.

    Conclusions:

    • Low developmental temperature specifically alters the fatty acid composition of thylakoid PG, notably reducing trans-16:1.
    • Cold-induced changes in thylakoid lipid composition modulate LHCII organization, favoring oligomeric forms in non-hardened and monomeric/intermediate forms in hardened rye.
    • Despite similar polypeptide and lipid profiles, differences in temperature transitions indicate altered thylakoid membrane organization due to cold acclimation.