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Related Experiment Videos

Induction of barley leaf urease.

Y Chen1, T M Ching

  • 1Crop Science Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-3002.

Plant Physiology
|March 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Foliar urea application boosts barley leaf urease activity by activating de novo synthesis. This process involves the rapid induction of specific urease (U) isozymes, demonstrating urea

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Urease activity in plants is crucial for nitrogen metabolism.
  • Understanding urease induction mechanisms is key for optimizing nitrogen use efficiency in crops.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying urease induction in barley leaves following foliar urea application.
  • To identify the specific urease isozymes involved in the response to urea.

Main Methods:

  • Barley leaf sections were treated with urea, inhibitors (cordycepin, cycloheximide), and [(35)S]methionine.
  • Urease was extracted, purified, and separated using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).
  • Isozyme activity and de novo synthesis were quantified via fluorography.

Main Results:

  • Foliar urea application rapidly increased leaf urease activity, peaking at 2 hours.
  • Five urease isozymes (U(a)-U(3)) were identified; U(1) and U(2) are transient inducible forms, while U(3) is constitutive.
  • Inhibitors of protein synthesis blocked urea-induced urease activity and the formation of inducible isozymes.
  • Radioactive labeling confirmed de novo synthesis of U(1) following urea induction.

Conclusions:

  • Urease induction in barley leaves is mediated by de novo synthesis of specific urease isozymes.
  • The influx of urea triggers a signaling pathway that activates gene expression for urease synthesis.
  • This study elucidates the molecular basis of rapid urease response to foliar urea, important for nitrogen assimilation in plants.

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