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Main stem sink manipulation in wheat : effects on nitrogen allocation to tillers.

C T Mackown1, D A Van Sanford, Y Z Ma

  • 1U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service and Plant Physiology/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0091.

Plant Physiology
|February 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wheat plants prioritize nitrogen for their main stem (MS) reproductive needs during grain fill. Reducing the MS sink size doesn't proportionally shift nitrogen to tillers, highlighting the MS sink's priority.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Agronomy
  • Nitrogen Metabolism

Background:

  • Understanding nitrogen (N) use efficiency in wheat is crucial for optimizing crop yields and minimizing environmental impact.
  • The role of the main stem (MS) sink size in regulating N allocation during grain fill in soft red winter wheat remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how main stem (MS) sink size influences nitrogen (N) utilization in field-grown soft red winter wheat.
  • To determine the priority of N allocation between the main stem (MS) and tillers under varying sink demands.

Main Methods:

  • Field-grown soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Hart) was used.
  • Labeled nitrogen-15 ((15)N-ammonium) was applied at Feeke's growth stage 8.
  • Main stem (MS) sink size was manipulated at anthesis by removing 0%, 33%, 66%, or 100% of MS spikelets.

Main Results:

  • Main stem (MS) kernel N concentration increased with spikelet removal, while tiller kernel N concentration was unaffected unless the entire MS sink was removed.
  • Plants with reduced MS sink size mobilized less N from the MS vegetative tissues.
  • Labeled N was primarily found in the insoluble reduced N fraction, and allocation to tillers did not proportionally increase with reduced MS sink size.

Conclusions:

  • The reproductive sink on the main stem (MS) has the highest priority for mobilized vegetative N during wheat grain fill.
  • Even with substantial reductions in MS sink demand, N allocation favors the main stem (MS) over tillers.