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Related Experiment Videos

Chloroplast Structure and Function Is Altered in the NCS2 Maize Mitochondrial Mutant.

D L Roussell1, D L Thompson, S G Pallardy

  • 1Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211.

Plant Physiology
|May 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

The nonchromosomal stripe 2 (NCS2) maize mutant exhibits abnormal chloroplast development. This mitochondrial DNA rearrangement negatively impacts chloroplast structure and function in leaf cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The nonchromosomal stripe 2 (NCS2) mutant in maize (Zea mays L.) displays a phenotype with striped, pale-green leaf sectors.
  • A DNA rearrangement in the mitochondrial genome is linked to the NCS2 mutant's abnormal growth and leaf phenotype.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying cause of the pale-green leaf sectors in the NCS2 maize mutant.
  • To characterize the structural and functional status of chloroplasts in NCS2 mutant leaf sectors.

Main Methods:

  • Electron microscopy was used to examine chloroplast ultrastructure.
  • Chloroplast function was assessed via radiolabeled carbon dioxide fixation and fluorescence induction kinetics.
  • Thylakoid protein composition was analyzed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

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Main Results:

  • Analyses indicated abnormal or prematurely arrested chloroplast development in the NCS2 mutant.
  • Structural and functional alterations were observed in both bundle sheath and mesophyll chloroplasts.
  • The NCS2 mutant mitochondria exert deleterious effects on leaf cells, impacting chloroplasts.

Conclusions:

  • The NCS2 mutation in maize leads to significant chloroplast abnormalities.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction in NCS2 mutants directly affects chloroplast development and function.
  • These findings highlight the intricate interplay between mitochondria and chloroplasts in plant cells.