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Related Concept Videos

Tonicity in Animals00:59

Tonicity in Animals

The tonicity of a solution determines if a cell gains or loses water in that solution. The tonicity depends on the permeability of the cell membrane for different solutes and the concentration of nonpenetrating solutes in the solution within and outside of the cell. If a semipermeable membrane hinders the passage of some solutes but allows water to follow its concentration gradient, water moves from the side with low osmolarity (i.e., less solute) to the side with higher osmolarity (i.e.,...
Tonicity in Plants00:53

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Tonicity describes the capacity of a cell to lose or gain water. It depends on the quantity of solute that does not penetrate the membrane. Tonicity delimits the magnitude and direction of osmosis and results in three possible scenarios that alter the volume of a cell: hypertonicity, hypotonicity, and isotonicity. Due to differences in structure and physiology, tonicity of plant cells is different from that of animal cells in some scenarios.Plants and Hypotonic EnvironmentsUnlike animal cells,...
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During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
Fruit Development, Structure, and Function01:58

Fruit Development, Structure, and Function

Fruits form from a mature flower ovary. As seeds develop from the ovules contained within, the ovary wall undergoes a series of complex changes to form fruit. In some fruits, such as soybeans, the ovary wall dries; in other fruits, such as grapes, it remains fleshy. In some cases, organs other than the ovary contribute to fruit formation; such fruits are called accessory fruits.
Tonicity in Plants01:20

Tonicity in Plants

Plant cells maintain appropriate osmotic balance in extreme conditions. For instance, plants in dry environments store water in vacuoles, limit the opening of their stoma, and have thick, waxy cuticles to prevent unnecessary water loss. Some species of plants that live in salty environments store salt in their roots. As a result, water osmosis occurs in the root from the surrounding soil.
Tonicity
Tonicity describes the capacity of a cell to lose or gain water depending on the solute...
Tonicity in Animals01:16

Tonicity in Animals

Tonicity describes the amount of solute in a solution. The measure of the tonicity of a solution, or the total amount of solutes dissolved in a specific amount of solution, is called its osmolarity. Three terms—hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic—are used to relate the osmolarity of a cell to the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid that contains the cells. In a hypotonic solution, such as tap water, the extracellular fluid has a lower concentration of solutes than the fluid inside the cell,...

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Tomato Analyzer: A Useful Software Application to Collect Accurate and Detailed Morphological and Colorimetric Data from Two-dimensional Objects
15:25

Tomato Analyzer: A Useful Software Application to Collect Accurate and Detailed Morphological and Colorimetric Data from Two-dimensional Objects

Published on: March 16, 2010

Cell turgor changes associated with ripening in tomato pericarp tissue.

K A Shackel1, C Greve, J M Labavitch

  • 1Department of Pomology, University of California, Davis, California 95616.

Plant Physiology
|October 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tomato fruit ripening involves changes in cell turgor pressure. A slight turgor increase precedes ripening, followed by a decrease, indicating early physiological shifts at the cellular level.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Fruit Ripening Biology

Background:

  • Turgor pressure is crucial for plant cell function and growth.
  • Understanding turgor dynamics during fruit ripening is key to controlling fruit quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate turgor pressure changes in tomato pericarp cells during fruit ripening.
  • To determine if turgor pressure changes precede observable ripening events.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a pressure microprobe to measure turgor pressure in tomato pericarp cells.
  • Analyzed turgor pressure in both intact fruit and cultured pericarp tissue discs.

Main Results:

  • Turgor pressure in pericarp cells was uniform within tissue (+/- 0.02 MPa).
  • Observed turgor pressures (<0.2 MPa) were lower than expected based on osmotic potential, suggesting apoplastic solutes.
  • A transient increase in turgor preceded ripening onset, followed by a decrease during ripening.

Conclusions:

  • Turgor pressure changes are associated with tomato fruit ripening.
  • Cellular turgor shifts may serve as an early indicator of ripening initiation, preceding tissue-level changes.