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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Autologous Blood Injection to Model Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice
07:02

Autologous Blood Injection to Model Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice

Published on: August 24, 2011

Intracerebral hemorrhage in complement C3-deficient mice.

S Yang1, T Nakamura, Y Hua

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0532, USA.

Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement
|May 5, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Complement C3 deficiency reduces brain swelling and behavioral deficits after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in mice. This suggests complement C3 plays a key role in ICH-induced brain injury.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) triggers the complement cascade, exacerbating brain damage.
  • Complement C3 is a central component of this cascade and its role in ICH is investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of complement C3 deficiency on brain damage following ICH.
  • To assess brain edema, behavioral deficits, and molecular markers in C3-deficient mice post-ICH.

Main Methods:

  • Male C3-deficient and C3-sufficient mice underwent autologous whole blood infusion into the basal ganglia to induce ICH.
  • Brain water content and behavioral tests (forelimb use asymmetry, corner turn) were assessed.
  • Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression was measured via Western blot and immunohistochemistry.

Main Results:

  • C3-deficient mice exhibited significantly reduced brain water content in the ipsilateral basal ganglia 3 days post-ICH.
  • Forelimb use asymmetry deficits were significantly lower in C3-deficient mice compared to controls.
  • Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels were significantly decreased in C3-deficient mice.

Conclusions:

  • Intracerebral hemorrhage induces less brain edema and behavioral impairments in complement C3-deficient mice.
  • These findings highlight complement C3 as a critical mediator of brain injury following ICH.