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Perceptuomotor functioning in preschool children with symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Aviva Yochman1, Asher Ornoy, Shula Parush

  • 1School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, P.O. Box 24026, Jerusalem 91240, Israel.

Perceptual and Motor Skills
|May 5, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Preschoolers with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms show deficits in fine motor, gross motor, visuomotor, and oral-motor skills. These perceptual-motor issues are linked to ADHD symptoms and predict group classification.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Childhood Behavioral Disorders

Background:

  • Limited research exists on perceptual-motor functioning in preschool children exhibiting Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms.
  • Perceptual-motor deficits are well-documented in school-aged children diagnosed with ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the fine motor, gross motor, visuomotor, and oral-motor functioning between preschool children with ADHD symptoms and typically developing peers.
  • To investigate the relationship between perceptual-motor skills and ADHD symptom severity in preschoolers.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 49 preschool children (4-6 years) with ADHD symptoms and 48 typically developing children.
  • Assessment of fine motor, gross motor, visuomotor, and oral-motor functioning using standardized measures.
  • Correlation and regression analyses were employed to examine relationships and predictive values.

Main Results:

  • Children with ADHD symptoms scored significantly lower on all perceptual-motor measures compared to the control group.
  • All perceptual-motor measures showed significant correlations with the Hyperactive-Inattentive scale of the Preschool Behavior Questionnaire.
  • Gross motor and visuomotor functioning scores were significant predictors for classifying children into ADHD symptom or typically developing groups.

Conclusions:

  • Perceptual-motor deficits are evident in preschool children with ADHD symptoms, mirroring findings in older children.
  • Early identification and intervention for perceptual-motor deficits are crucial for young children with ADHD symptoms.
  • These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive developmental assessments in early childhood.

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