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Decline eccentric squats increases patellar tendon loading compared to standard eccentric squats.

M Kongsgaard1, P Aagaard, S Roikjaer

  • 1Institute of Sports Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Department 8. Bispebjerg bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark. mk11@bbh.hosp.dk

Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)
|May 6, 2006
PubMed
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Using a decline board for eccentric squats significantly increases patellar tendon strain and knee extensor muscle activity. This likely explains why decline squats are more effective for treating patellar tendinopathy.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Patellar tendinopathy is a common condition affecting athletes and active individuals.
  • Eccentric squat training, particularly on a decline board, has shown promising clinical results.
  • The underlying biomechanical mechanisms for the superior efficacy of decline eccentric squats remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare electromyography (EMG) activity, patellar tendon strain, and joint kinematics between standard and decline eccentric squats.
  • To elucidate the biomechanical differences that may explain the clinical effectiveness of decline eccentric squats for patellar tendinopathy.

Main Methods:

  • Thirteen subjects performed unilateral eccentric squats on both flat and 25-degree decline surfaces.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Surface EMG recorded activity in eight key muscles.
  • Ankle, knee, and hip joint angles were measured using goniometry.
  • In vivo patellar tendon strain was assessed using ultrasonography during isometric squats at a 90-degree knee angle.

    • Main Results:

    • Patellar tendon strain was significantly higher on the decline surface compared to the standard surface (P<0.05).
    • Ankle and hip joint stop angles were significantly smaller during decline squats (P<0.001, P<0.05).
    • Normalized EMG amplitudes of knee extensor muscles were significantly greater during decline squats (P<0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • Performing unilateral eccentric squats on a 25-degree decline board increases patellar tendon load and strain.
    • These biomechanical findings provide a likely explanation for the enhanced clinical outcomes observed with decline eccentric squats in managing patellar tendinopathy.