Ondansetron does not reduce the shivering threshold in healthy volunteers

R Komatsu1, M Orhan-Sungur, J In

  • 1Outcomes Research Institute, University of Louisville, KY, USA.

Abstract

Insights

Ondansetron, used to prevent shivering, does not alter core body temperature thresholds for sweating, vasoconstriction, or shivering in humans. This suggests ondansetron has limited utility in facilitating therapeutic hypothermia induction.

Area of Science:

  • Thermoregulation
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Ondansetron, a serotonin-3 receptor antagonist, is known to reduce postoperative shivering.
  • Drugs that reduce shivering can impair thermoregulatory control, potentially aiding therapeutic hypothermia induction.
  • This study investigated ondansetron's effect on human thermoregulatory response thresholds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if ondansetron alters the core body temperature thresholds for major autonomic thermoregulatory responses in humans.
  • To assess ondansetron's potential for facilitating therapeutic hypothermia.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy volunteers received either ondansetron or placebo infusions.
  • Skin and core temperatures were manipulated to elicit sweating, vasoconstriction, and shivering responses.
  • Thermoregulatory thresholds were determined after adjusting for mean skin temperature changes.

Main Results:

  • Ondansetron did not significantly alter the core temperature thresholds for sweating, vasoconstriction, or shivering.
  • Observed thresholds were similar between ondansetron and placebo groups (P > 0.05 for all).
  • No sedation was reported with ondansetron administration.

Conclusions:

  • Ondansetron does not appear to affect the major autonomic thermoregulatory response thresholds in humans.
  • The drug has minimal potential for facilitating the induction of therapeutic hypothermia.
  • Further research may explore other applications of ondansetron in thermoregulation.

Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates these...
Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers01:28

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers

Ganglionic blockers inhibit autonomic activity by blocking nicotinic receptors in the autonomic ganglia, suppressing impulse transmission. These blockers lack selectivity between sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia and are ineffective as neuromuscular junction antagonists. They can be categorized into two groups: