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Plasma lipid transfer proteins.

Xian-Cheng Jiang1, Hong-Wen Zhou

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA. xjiang@downstate.edu

Current Opinion in Lipidology
|May 9, 2006
PubMed
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Lipid transfer proteins, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP), influence lipoprotein metabolism. Their manipulation may offer new therapeutic strategies for atherosclerosis and related lipid disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) are key regulators of lipoprotein metabolism.
  • Dysregulation of lipid transfer proteins is implicated in atherosclerosis and other lipid-driven diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of CETP and PLTP in lipoprotein metabolism.
  • To explore the potential of manipulating these proteins for therapeutic interventions in atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CETP and PLTP function.
  • Analysis of studies involving genetic manipulation and polymorphisms in animal models and humans.
  • Examination of in vitro studies on astrocyte-derived lipid metabolism.

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Main Results:

  • CETP facilitates HDL cholesteryl ester delivery to the liver and its polymorphism (TaqIB) correlates with HDL cholesterol levels and coronary heart disease risk.
  • Adipose tissue-specific CETP overexpression in mice reduces plasma HDL cholesterol and adipocyte size.
  • PLTP deficiency in mice enhances apolipoprotein B degradation and improves HDL anti-inflammatory properties; reduced PLTP activity is observed in Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid, and exogenous PLTP stimulates apolipoprotein E secretion from astrocytes.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the intricate relationship between lipid transfer proteins and lipoprotein metabolism is crucial for developing novel atherosclerosis therapies.
  • Targeting CETP and PLTP presents a promising avenue for managing lipid-related diseases.