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Updated: Aug 8, 2026
07:06
Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification
Published on: April 20, 2011
Interrupting poliovirus transmission -- new solutions to an old problem
1Global Polio Eradication Initiative, WHO, 20 Avenue Appia, Geneva 1211, Switzerland. aylwardb@who.int
Summary
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) significantly reduced wild poliovirus transmission by 2006. Advances in oral polio vaccines and outbreak response strategies were key to this progress.
Area of Science:
- Global health
- Infectious disease epidemiology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) launched in 1988 to eliminate poliovirus.
- Significant advancements in understanding poliovirus and eradication challenges occurred between 2000-2005.
- Polio transmission was historically low by January 2006, with only four endemic countries remaining.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the progress and challenges of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) by early 2006.
- To highlight the strategies and factors contributing to the reduction of wild poliovirus transmission.
- To assess the response to re-infections and circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) outbreaks.
Main Methods:
- Systematic application of standard polio eradication strategies.
- Refinement of eradication strategies based on accumulated knowledge.
- Implementation of large-scale 'mop-up' activities in affected areas.
- Addressing circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) outbreaks.
Main Results:
- Reduced wild poliovirus transmission to four countries (Nigeria, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan) by January 2006.
- Only 8 of 22 re-infected areas required extensive 'mop-up' operations.
- cVDPV outbreaks were effectively managed.
- Progress was achieved despite emerging challenges.
Conclusions:
- The GPEI demonstrated significant success in reducing polio transmission through strategic interventions.
- New monovalent oral polio vaccines (mOPVs) and improved outbreak response standards were crucial.
- Renewed political commitment in remaining infected countries was vital for continued progress.
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