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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
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Analyzing the Effects of Stromal Cells on the Recruitment of Leukocytes from Flow
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Published on: January 7, 2015

Targeting the stromal microenvironment in chronic inflammation.

Andrew Filer1, Costantino Pitzalis, Christopher D Buckley

  • 1Rheumatology Research Group, Division of Immunity and Infection, MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.

Current Opinion in Pharmacology
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Summary

Chronic inflammation persists due to tissue-resident stromal cells. Targeting these cells, including macrophages, may offer new therapies for inflammatory diseases by promoting repair and resolving inflammation.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Chronic inflammatory reactions exhibit persistence and site-specific tropism.
  • Tissue-resident stromal cells, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts, are implicated in this tropism.
  • These stromal cells are key orchestrators of inflammation and potential therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of tissue-resident stromal cells in chronic inflammation.
  • To investigate stromal cells as targets for anti-inflammatory therapies.
  • To highlight the potential of modulating the stromal microenvironment for disease control.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies implicating stromal cells in inflammation.
  • Analysis of the role of stromal cells in producing inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators.
  • Comparison with therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment.

Main Results:

  • Stromal cells, particularly macrophages, are crucial in defining tissue structure and orchestrating inflammatory infiltrates.
  • Stromal cells are a significant source of anti-inflammatory mediators involved in inflammation resolution.
  • Therapeutic manipulation of the stromal microenvironment shows promise, drawing parallels with cancer therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting tissue-resident stromal cells offers a novel approach to managing chronic inflammatory diseases.
  • Modulating the stromal microenvironment, including cells of the monocyte lineage, can control inflammation and promote tissue repair.
  • A multi-targeted approach involving stromal cells may be necessary to inhibit inflammation-associated tissue damage.