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Chemical factors.

Adrian Lussi1, Thomas Jaeggi

  • 1Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Monographs in Oral Science
|May 12, 2006
PubMed
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Dietary calcium and phosphate content influence tooth erosion by affecting mineral saturation. Enriched foods and drinks can protect against dental demineralization, even at low pH levels.

Area of Science:

  • Dental science
  • Food chemistry
  • Biomineralization

Background:

  • Dental erosion is influenced by the chemical properties of food and drinks.
  • Key factors include pH, calcium, phosphate, and fluoride content.
  • These factors determine the saturation degree with respect to tooth minerals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of dietary components in dental erosion.
  • To understand how calcium and phosphate affect tooth mineral dissolution.
  • To explore the impact of buffering capacity on erosive attack.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of chemical factors in foodstuffs (pH, Ca, P, F).
  • Assessment of saturation degree with respect to tooth minerals.
  • Evaluation of the protective effects of calcium and phosphate enrichment.

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  • Consideration of buffering capacity and its interaction with saliva.

    • Main Results:

    • Calcium and phosphate addition protects against surface softening.
    • Ca-enriched or naturally high Ca/P foods (e.g., yogurt) do not soften dental tissue.
    • Higher buffering capacity can enhance dissolution if the solution isn't replaced by saliva.
    • No single critical pH exists for erosion; other factors can prevent it.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary calcium and phosphate play a crucial role in mitigating dental erosion.
    • Enriching foods and drinks with these minerals offers a protective strategy.
    • Buffering capacity and saliva interaction are important modifiers of erosive processes.