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Updated: Aug 8, 2026

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
Published on: August 22, 2022
[Classification of premolars as a function of root anatomy and statistics]
1Service d'Endodontie, l'Hôpital Universitaire Erasme, U.L.B, Bruxelles.
Abstract:
The frequent endodontic failures on premolar teeth can be partly attributed to their complicated root canal anatomy. Anatomical studies were initiated almost a century ago by W. Hess, resulting in the actual meticulous classification. Vertucci was the first to describe in an exhaustive way the scores of anatomical variations by assigning them to 9 types. The Wein model is just as complete but offers a more clinical approach. It will be used as reference in this article to weigh the various statistics appearing in the anatomical studies on premolars.
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