Magnesium and diabetes mellitus: their relation.

Area of Science:

• Nutrition Science
• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Diseases

Background:

• Magnesium deficiency is associated with chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus.
• Epidemiological studies indicate low magnesium intake in the general population.
• Low magnesium levels are frequently observed in diabetic patients, though mechanisms are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize recent discussions on the relationship between magnesium and diabetes mellitus.
• To review the association between magnesium intake and diabetes incidence/complications.
• To explore the role of magnesium in diabetic complications and the potential benefits of supplementation.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of studies published over the last 14 years.
• Analysis of epidemiological data on magnesium intake and diabetes.
• Examination of the link between hypomagnesemia and diabetic complications.

Main Results:

• Low magnesium intake is linked to increased diabetes risk and complications.
• Hypomagnesemia is common in diabetes and may exacerbate micro/macrovascular issues.
• Inadequate metabolic control in diabetes can lead to magnesium depletion.

Conclusions:

• Magnesium plays a role in diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications.
• Hypomagnesemia may contribute to cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, and neuropathy in diabetics.
• Magnesium supplementation is a potential therapeutic strategy for diabetic patients with proven hypomagnesemia and complications.