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ESPEN Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Non-surgical oncology
J Arends1, G Bodoky, F Bozzetti
1Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Biology Center, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg, Germany. arends@tumorbio.uni-freiburg.de
Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|May 16, 2006
Summary
Enteral nutrition (EN), including oral nutritional supplements (ONS) and tube feeding (TF), is recommended for cancer patients with inadequate food intake or existing undernutrition. These evidence-based guidelines provide recommendations for optimizing nutritional support in oncology care.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Clinical Nutrition
- Evidence-Based Medicine
Background:
- Undernutrition and cachexia are prevalent in cancer patients, negatively impacting prognosis.
- Enteral nutrition (EN) via oral nutritional supplements (ONS) or tube feeding (TF) addresses inadequate nutrient intake.
Framework:
- Guidelines developed by an interdisciplinary expert group based on post-1985 publications.
- Recommendations derived from a consensus conference adhering to official standards.
Implementation:
- Initiate EN if undernutrition is present or food intake is reduced for 7-10 days.
- Standard formulae are recommended; nutritional needs are similar to non-cancer patients.
- Consider metabolic modulators for cachectic patients.
Implications:
- EN is indicated preoperatively (5-7 days) for major abdominal surgery.
- Dietary counseling and ONS can prevent weight loss during radiotherapy (head/neck, GI).
- Routine EN is not advised during high-dose chemotherapy.
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