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The German hospital malnutrition study.

Matthias Pirlich1, Tatjana Schütz, Kristina Norman

  • 1Medizinische Klinik-Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D 10098 Berlin, Germany. matthias.pirlich@charite.de

Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|May 16, 2006
PubMed
Summary

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Hospital malnutrition affects one in four patients in Germany, increasing hospital stays. Advanced age, cancer, and multiple medications are key risk factors for this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Hospital Medicine
  • Geriatrics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Malnutrition is common in severe chronic diseases, leading to poorer patient outcomes.
  • Data on the prevalence and impact of hospital malnutrition in Germany were previously lacking.
  • Understanding malnutrition's scope is crucial for improving patient care in healthcare settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of malnutrition among hospitalized patients in Germany.
  • To identify risk factors associated with hospital malnutrition.
  • To analyze the impact of nutritional status on hospital length of stay.

Main Methods:

  • Nutritional status assessed using Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and anthropometric measurements.

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  • Study included 1,886 consecutively admitted patients across 13 German hospitals.
  • Statistical analyses performed to identify risk factors and impact on hospital stay.

    • Main Results:

    • Malnutrition diagnosed in 27.4% of patients via SGA; low muscle/fat areas noted in 11.3%/17.1%.
    • Prevalence highest in geriatric (56.2%), oncology (37.6%), and gastroenterology (32.6%) departments.
    • Malnutrition linked to a 43% increase in hospital stay; independent risk factors include higher age, polypharmacy, and malignancy.

    Conclusions:

    • Approximately 27% of German hospital patients are malnourished, impacting clinical outcomes.
    • Higher age, malignancy, and polypharmacy are significant contributors to malnutrition.
    • Initiating adequate nutritional support is essential for optimizing patient recovery and outcomes.