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Published on: December 10, 2016
Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: resurgence with a vengeance
1Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.
Reviews in Gastroenterological Disorders
|May 16, 2006
Summary
Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) is increasing in severity and incidence due to a new, virulent strain. New therapies and a multifaceted management approach are needed for this growing public health concern.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Significant increase in Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) incidence and severity.
- Emergence of a highly virulent C. difficile strain, less responsive to standard treatments and with high recurrence rates.
- Rise in both nosocomial and community-acquired CDAD cases, including those without prior antibiotic exposure.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the rising epidemic of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD).
- Identify contributing factors, including antibiotic resistance.
- Explore new therapeutic strategies for primary and recurrent CDAD.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological data on CDAD incidence and severity.
- Analysis of C. difficile strain characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility.
- Assessment of current and emerging treatment modalities for CDAD.
Main Results:
- A new, highly virulent C. difficile strain is driving increased CDAD rates.
- Antibiotic resistance, particularly to fluoroquinolones, is a major contributing factor.
- Standard therapies, like metronidazole, show reduced efficacy against the new strain.
Conclusions:
- A multifaceted approach is essential for managing the CDAD epidemic.
- Key strategies include active surveillance, antibiotic stewardship, and strict contact precautions.
- Development and investigation of novel antibiotics and therapies are critical for effective CDAD treatment.
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