Foot odor due to microbial metabolism and its control

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Biochemistry
• Dermatology

Background:

• Foot odor is a common issue with significant social impact.
• The specific microbial culprits and biochemical pathways leading to foot odor are not fully elucidated.
• Understanding the origin of foot odor is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify the primary chemical components responsible for foot odor.
• To isolate and identify microorganisms involved in foot odor production.
• To investigate the mechanism of foot odor formation and screen for inhibitory agents.

Main Methods:

• Sensory tests were employed to characterize foot odor.
• Microorganisms from plantar skin were isolated and identified.
• Biochemical analysis was performed to determine the source of odor compounds.
• Screening of natural substances and fragrances for antimicrobial activity against odor-producing bacteria was conducted.

Main Results:

• Isovaleric acid was identified as the main component of foot odor.
• Staphylococcus epidermidis was found to degrade leucine in sweat to produce isovaleric acid.
• Bacillus subtilis was associated with increased foot odor in subjects.
• Citral, citronellal, and geraniol were identified as effective inhibitors of isovaleric acid production at low concentrations.

Conclusions:

• Foot odor is primarily caused by isovaleric acid produced by Staphylococcus epidermidis.
• Bacillus subtilis may play a role in exacerbating foot odor.
• Citral, citronellal, and geraniol show potential as safe and effective agents for controlling foot odor by inhibiting key microbial pathways.