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Simulation as experiment: a philosophical reassessment for biological modeling.
1Department of Integrative Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA. steven_peck@byu.edu
Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|May 17, 2006
Summary
Complex simulation models offer unique experimental systems for ecology and evolution. These models aid theory development and hypothesis generation, guiding empirical research in ways not possible in nature.
Area of Science:
- Ecology
- Evolutionary Biology
- Philosophy of Science
Background:
- Debate exists on the role of complex simulation models in ecological and evolutionary studies.
- Distinction is made between simulation models and data-fitting models.
- Simulation is proposed as a distinct experimental system.
Purpose of the Study:
- To argue for the value of complex simulation models in biology.
- To connect philosophical discussions on simulation to ecological and evolutionary sciences.
- To highlight the unique advantages of simulation as an experimental system.
Main Methods:
- Philosophical analysis of simulation as an experimental system.
- Drawing parallels between physical sciences and biological sciences regarding simulation.
- Conceptual framework for understanding simulation in complex systems.
Main Results:
- Complex simulation models serve a different purpose than data-fitting models.
- Simulation offers a manipulable "experimental system" distinct from nature.
- Simulation can generate hypotheses and guide experimental data collection.
Conclusions:
- Simulation models are valuable tools for theory development and testing in ecology and evolution.
- Simulation allows for manipulations impossible or unethical in natural systems.
- Simulation provides crucial guidance for empirical research priorities.