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Related Experiment Videos

Spatial epidemiology: an emerging (or re-emerging) discipline.

Richard S Ostfeld1, Gregory E Glass, Felicia Keesing

  • 1Institute of Ecosystem Studies, PO Box AB, 65 Sharon Turnpike, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA. Rostfeld@ecostudies.org

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|May 17, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Spatial epidemiology examines disease risk variations. Integrating landscape ecology with spatial epidemiology, focusing on landscape structure, can reveal crucial insights into disease patterns and risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Spatial Epidemiology
  • Landscape Ecology

Background:

  • Spatial epidemiology studies geographical variations in disease risk and incidence.
  • Ecological factors like pathogen dispersal, vector distribution, and host aggregation create spatial disease patterns.
  • Current research often neglects the impact of landscape structure on epidemiological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe spatially implicit and explicit approaches in spatial epidemiology.
  • To highlight the importance of integrating landscape ecology with epidemiology.
  • To emphasize the need to study landscape composition and configuration's influence on disease risk.

Main Methods:

  • Brief description of spatially implicit methods (e.g., metapopulation models).

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  • Focus on spatially explicit methods, including the creation of disease risk maps.
  • Review of existing studies linking landscape structure to disease patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • Spatially explicit methods, like risk mapping, are key tools in spatial epidemiology.
    • Few studies have explored the influence of landscape structure on disease dynamics.
    • Preliminary findings suggest landscape composition and configuration impact disease risk.

    Conclusions:

    • Integrating landscape ecology principles into spatial epidemiology is essential.
    • Understanding landscape structure is crucial for a comprehensive approach to disease risk assessment.
    • Further research integrating these fields promises significant advancements in understanding and managing infectious diseases.