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Cost of cardiovascular diseases in the United Kingdom
R Luengo-Fernández1, J Leal, A Gray
1Health Economics Research Centre, Department of Public Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK. ramon.luengo-fernandez@dphpc.ox.ac.uk
Insights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) cost the UK economy £29.1 billion in 2004. Healthcare expenditure was the largest component, followed by productivity losses and informal care costs, highlighting CVD
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Economics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a significant public health challenge globally and within the United Kingdom.
- Understanding the economic burden of CVD is crucial for resource allocation and policy development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the total economic burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the United Kingdom for the year 2004.
- To determine the proportion of the total CVD economic burden attributable to coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular disease.
- To identify the primary components of the economic burden, including healthcare and non-healthcare costs.
Main Methods:
- A prevalence-based approach was employed to estimate CVD-related costs from a societal perspective.
- Data from UK residents in 2004 with CVD (ICD-10 codes I00-I99), CHD (ICD-10 codes I20-I25), and cerebrovascular disease (ICD-10 codes I60-I69) were analyzed.
- Costs were categorized into healthcare expenditures (community, emergency, hospital, rehabilitation, drugs) and non-healthcare costs (informal care, productivity losses from morbidity and premature death).
Main Results:
- The total economic burden of CVD in the UK in 2004 was estimated at £29.1 billion.
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) accounted for 29% (£8.5 billion) and cerebrovascular disease for 27% (£8.0 billion) of the total CVD costs.
- Healthcare costs constituted the largest share (60%), followed by productivity losses (23%) and informal care costs (17%).
Conclusions:
- Cardiovascular disease imposes a substantial economic burden on the UK, underscoring its status as a major public health issue.
- This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the economic impact of CVD, differentiating between healthcare and non-healthcare costs.
- The findings are vital for informing research priorities and evaluating the effectiveness of public health interventions aimed at reducing the burden of CVD.
Objective:
To estimate the economic burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the United Kingdom, including health and non-healthcare costs, and the proportion of total CVD cost due to coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular disease.
Design And Setting:
Prevalence-based approach to assess CVD-related costs from a societal perspective.
Patients:
All UK residents in 2004 with CVD (International classification of diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) codes I00-I99) and subgroups with CHD (ICD-10 codes I20-I25) or cerebrovascular disease (ICD-10 codes I60-I69).
Main Outcome Measures:
Healthcare costs were estimated from expenditure on community health and social services, accident and emergency care, hospital care, rehabilitation and drugs. Non-healthcare costs were estimated from data on informal care and from productivity losses arising from morbidity and premature death.
Results:
CVD cost the UK economy 29.1 billion pound in 2004, with CHD and cerebrovascular disease accounting for 29% (8.5 billion pound) and 27% (8.0 billion pound) of the total, respectively. The major cost component of CVD was health care, which accounted for 60% of the cost, followed by productivity losses due to mortality and morbidity, accounting for 23%, with the remaining 17% due to informal care-related costs.
Conclusions:
CVD is a leading public health problem in the UK measured by the economic burden of disease. This study identified the size and main components of that burden, and will help to inform decisions about research priorities and to monitor the impact of policy initiatives.
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