Pancreatic polypeptide in obese children before and after weight loss
T Reinehr1, P J Enriori, K Harz
1Vestische Hospital for Children and Adolescents Datteln, University of Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Germany. T.Reinehr@kinderklinik-datteln.de
Insights
Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) levels are lower in obese children and normalize after weight loss. Low PP indicates overweight status, it does not cause it.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Metabolic Research
- Obesity Studies
Background:
- Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) role in childhood obesity and weight loss is understudied.
- Obesity is associated with altered hormonal profiles, but PP's specific involvement remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate pancreatic polypeptide (PP) levels in obese children compared to lean children.
- To examine the changes in PP concentrations during a 1-year weight loss intervention in obese children.
Main Methods:
- Measured fasting PP, leptin, and insulin in 38 obese and 35 lean children.
- Analyzed PP changes over one year in obese children undergoing weight loss treatment.
- Used multiple linear regression to assess correlations between PP, BMI, leptin, and insulin.
Main Results:
- Obese children exhibited significantly lower PP levels and higher leptin and insulin compared to lean peers.
- PP levels negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI) in obese children.
- Significant weight loss in a subset of children led to increased PP and decreased insulin and leptin levels.
Conclusions:
- Decreased PP concentrations in obese children are linked to their overweight status, not other factors like age or leptin.
- Weight loss intervention normalized reduced PP levels in obese children.
- Low PP in obese children reflects their condition and is not a causative factor.
Objective:
Little is known concerning pancreatic polypeptide (PP) in weight loss and in childhood obesity.
Methods:
Fasting PP, leptin and insulin concentrations were determined in 38 obese children and compared with 35 lean children of the same age, gender and pubertal stage. Furthermore, changes of PP concentrations over a 1-year period were analyzed in the obese children participating in a weight loss intervention program.
Results:
Obese children had significantly (P<0.01) lower PP, and higher leptin and insulin levels compared to lean children. In multiple linear regression analysis, PP was significantly negatively correlated to body mass index (P<0.01), but not to leptin, insulin, age, gender and pubertal stage. Changes of PP did not significantly correlate to changes of insulin (r=0.07, P=0.343) and leptin (r=-0.02, P=0.459). The substantial weight loss in 17 children led to a significant (P<0.05) increase in PP and decrease in insulin and leptin. In the 21 children without substantial weight loss, there were no significant changes in PP, insulin and leptin.
Conclusions:
PP concentrations are decreased in obese children and independent of age, gender, pubertal stage, leptin and insulin. The decrease of PP in obese children normalized after weight loss. Therefore, low PP concentrations reflect the overweight status, rather than cause it.
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