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Models to compare management options for a protogynous fish.

Selina S Heppell1, Scott A Heppell, Felicia C Coleman

  • 1Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA. selina.heppell@oregonstate.edu

Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America
|May 19, 2006
PubMed
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Fishing impacts gag grouper sex ratios, leading to fewer males. Management must consider both stock size and sex ratio to ensure population health and reproductive success.

Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Fisheries Science
  • Population Dynamics

Background:

  • Gag grouper (Mycteroperca microlepis) populations exhibit a significant shift towards female-biased sex ratios over 25 years.
  • This skewed sex ratio is linked to increased fishing mortality, which reduces older age classes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of reducing fishing mortality on different life history stages of gag grouper.
  • To evaluate the impact of skewed sex ratios on fertilization rates and overall population fitness.
  • To assess fishery management strategies for maintaining gag grouper stock size and sex ratio.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two stochastic, age-structured models for simulation.
  • Compared scenarios involving reduced fishing mortality across various life history stages.

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  • Analyzed impacts on population size, sex ratio, egg fertility, and spawning stock biomass.

    • Main Results:

    • Population growth rates were highest when female gag mortality was reduced (e.g., nearshore closures).
    • Spawning reserves were most effective in rapidly improving sex ratios.
    • The negative effect of reduced fertility due to sex ratio bias was generally low but varied by management scenario.

    Conclusions:

    • Fishery management models are valuable tools for evaluating complex population dynamics.
    • Life history traits and mortality rates interact synergistically, influencing population responses.
    • Defining clear management goals, including sex ratio maintenance, is crucial for gag grouper conservation.