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Human Streptococcus suis outbreak, Sichuan, China.

Hongjie Yu1, Huaiqi Jing, Zhihai Chen

  • 1Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|May 19, 2006
PubMed
Summary

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A 2005 outbreak in China linked 215 human Streptococcus suis infections to backyard pig slaughtering. Prohibiting this practice successfully ended the deadly outbreak, highlighting the importance of safe handling procedures.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen with significant public health implications.
  • Human infections with S. suis are often associated with handling pigs or pork products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a large outbreak of Streptococcus suis infections in Sichuan, China.
  • To identify the source and transmission routes of the outbreak.
  • To characterize the clinical manifestations and outcomes of the infections.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of reported human cases.
  • Laboratory confirmation of S. suis isolates.
  • Molecular typing (ribotyping) to identify the causative strain.
  • Epidemiological investigation of farmer exposures.

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Main Results:

  • 215 human cases reported, with 66 laboratory-confirmed S. suis infections.
  • All cases linked to backyard pig slaughtering practices.
  • High incidence of severe disease, including streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (28%), sepsis (24%), and meningitis (48%).
  • Mortality rate of 62% among those with toxic shock syndrome.
  • Molecular analysis confirmed a single strain of S. suis responsible for the outbreak.

Conclusions:

  • Backyard pig slaughtering posed a significant risk for S. suis transmission.
  • The outbreak was caused by a single, highly virulent S. suis strain.
  • Banning backyard slaughtering effectively controlled and ended the outbreak.
  • Public health interventions targeting unsafe animal handling practices are crucial for preventing zoonotic disease outbreaks.